IOT(Internet of Things) Multiple choice Questions and Answers

IOT(Internet of Things) Multiple choice Questions and Answers 

1. Which of the following is NOT a data and communication protocol?

A) MQTT
B) AMQP
C) Websocket
D) Alljoyn

ANSWER= D) Alljoyn

 

2. Which of the followingAMQP frame type is used to inform the changes in state of transfer?

A) Flow
B) Disposition
C) Transfer
D) State

ANSWER= (B) Disposition

 

3. Which of the following is NOT a messaging mode of CoAP?

A) Separate
B) Pager
C) Piggyback
D) Confirmable

ANSWER= (B) Pager

 

4. The Zigbee Component “APS” stands for__________ .

A) Application Support Sub-layer
B) Application Protocol Support
C) Application Policy Support
D) Application Protocol Sub-layer

ANSWER= (A) Application Support Sub-layer

 

5. Does IEEE 802.15.4 support IPv6 multicast?

A) Yes
B) No

ANSWER= (B) No

 

6. In MQTT, a ________ subscribes to a topic.

A) client
B) broker
C) publisher
D) All of the above

ANSWER= (A) client

 

7. Which of the following is a characteristic of XMPP protocol?

A) No interoperability
B) Closed standards
C) No central server
D) All of the above

ANSWER= (C) No central server

 

8. Which of the following protocol has a component named “bindings”?

A) XMPP
B) AMQP
C) CoAP
D) None of the above

ANSWER= (B) AMQP

 

9. Is CoAPRESTful?

A) Yes
B) No

ANSWER= (A) Yes

 

10. RPL routing is based upon ____________ routing protocol.

A) Enhanced Interior Gateway
B) Interior Gateway
C) Open Shortest Path First
D) Distance vector IPv6

ANSWER= (D) Distance vector IPv6

 

11. Which of the following protocol is used to implement device management for mobile devices?

A) OMA-DM
B) Websocket
C) Alljoyn
D) DNS-SD

ANSWER= (A) OMA-DM

 

12. In LOADng, can intermediate routers respond to Route Requests (RREQs)?

A) Yes, in any case
B) Yes, only when RREQ flooding occurs
C) Yes, only if they have active routes to the sought destination
D) No

ANSWER= (D) No

 

13. Which of the following functions as the network bridge in IEEE 802.15.4 network?

A) PAN Coordinator
B) Router
C) Device
D) None of these

ANSWER= (A) PAN Coordinator

 

14. Which of the following allow communication between Zigbee and no-Zigbee devices?

A) layer-5 application-level bridge
B) layer-7 application-level gateway
C) layer-7 application-level bridge
D) layer-5 application-level gateway

ANSWER= (B) layer-7 application-level gateway

 

15. Statement I: RFIDs are radio-frequency-based.
Statement II: RFID devices can act as both readers as well as tags.
Which one of the following is correct?

A) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
B) Statement I is false but Statement II is true
C) Both the statements are true
D) Both the statements are false

ANSWER= (A) Statement I is true but Statement II is false

IOT(Internet of Things)

Internet of Things (IOT) Multiple choice Questions

1. Which of the following is a static mechanism for address allocation of IoT nodes? 

a. Configuration over a management interface

b. IPv6 address based on a hardware identifier

c. Both configuration over a management interface & based on a hardware identifier

d. IoT nodes can’t be configured statically

Correct Answer: c. Both configuration over a management interface & based on a hardware identifier. 

Explanation: IoT nodes can be statically configured in different ways, such as an address can be configured over a management interface, or a node may use IPv6 address based on a hardware identifier.

2. Which of the following error is commonly found in heating of metal strips?

a. quantization error

b. aliasing error

c. hysteresis error

d. None of these

Correct Answer: c. hysteresis error

Explanation: A hysteresis error causes the sensor output value to vary depending on the sensor’s previous input values. It is typically found in analog sensors, magnetic sensors, heating of metal strips.

3. Identify the component shown below.

a. Gas sensor

b. PIR sensor

c. Light sensor

d. Speaker

Correct Answer: b. PIR sensor

Explanation: Passive infrared (PIR) sensors use a pair of pyroelectric sensors to detect infrared energy radiating from objects within their field of vision.

4. “X” performs active application layer functions between IoT nodes and other entities. What is X?

a. IoT node

b. IoT proxy

c. IoT gateway

d. IoT Network

Correct Answer: b. IoT proxy

Explanation: IoT proxy is an entity that performs an active application layer function between IoT nodes, and other entities. The IoT proxy can be collocated with the IoT gateway.

5. Which of the following field in IPv4 header format indicates that it is concerned with reliable transmission?

a. Traffic class

b. Hop limit

c. Fragment offset

d. Destination address

Correct Answer: c. Fragment offset

6. Which of the following is a function of IoT Gateway?

a. Data forwarding

b. Device management

c. Protocol conversion

d. All of these

Correct Answer: d. All of these

7. Which of the following actuator converts pressure into force?

a. Mechanical actuators

b. Pneumatic actuators

c. Electric actuators

d. Magnetic actuators

Correct Answer: b. Pneumatic actuators

Explanation: Pneumatic actuators enable large forces to be produced from relatively small pressure changes (e.g., Pneumatic brakes are very responsive to small changes in pressure applied by the driver).

8. Which of the following mechanism for address autoconfiguration provide more control on the allocated addresses?

a. DHCPv6

b. SLAAC

c. Both DHCPv6 and SLAAC

d. None of these

Correct Answer: a. DHCPv6

Explanation: DHCPv6 can be used to explicitly configure IPv6 addresses to nodes, thereby providing network administrators with added control over the nodes on their networks.

9. Which of the following can measure position?

Potentiometer

Encoder

Both potentiometer & encoder

None of these

Correct Answer: Both potentiometer & encoder

Explanation: A potentiometer sensor measures the distance or displacement of an object in a linear or rotary motion and converts it into an electrical signal. An encoder is an electromechanical device that can measure motion or position.

10. In a scenario when the IoT proxy has uplink connectivity, does the IoT LAN need global addressing mandatorily?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Not applicable

 

Correct Answer: b. No

Explanation: When the IoT proxy has uplink connectivity, it proxies communication between the local IoT nodes and nodes in the external network. In this scenario, where all communications go through a proxy, the IoT LAN does not need global addressing, but can manage with link-local or ULAaddresses, depending on the type of proxy.

11. Which of the following is TRUE?

a. M2M is not a subset of IoT

b. WoT and IoT are same

c. IoT and M2M are same

d. None of these

Correct Answer: d. None of these

Explanation: M2M is a part of the IoT, where IoT has a broader scope than M2M. Both are different since M2M uses point-to-point communication. IoT and WoT aren’t same.

12. Statement I: Aliasing error occurs if the input variable or added noise changes periodically at a frequency proportional to the multiple of the sampling rate.

Statement II: If the signal is monitored digitally, the sampling frequency can cause a dynamic error triggering aliasing error.

a. Both Statement I and II are false

b. Both Statement I and II are true

c. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

d. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

Correct Answer: b. Both Statement I and II are true

Explanation: If the signal is monitored digitally, the sampling frequency can cause a dynamic error, or if the input variable or added noise changes periodically at a frequency proportional to the multiple of the sampling rate, aliasing errors may occur.

13. Does polymer-based actuator find application in manufacturing artificial muscles?

a. Yes

b. No

Correct Answer: a. Yes

Explanation: Shape memory polymer (SMP) actuators function similar to our muscles, even providing a response to a range of stimuli such as light, electrical, magnetic, heat, pH, and moisture changes.

14. Unique Local Addresses are intended to allow routing over a network that expands over multiple links and routing hops, and even can expand over multiple networks. Can these addresses prevent address collision?

a. Yes

b. No

c. NotApplicable

Correct Answer: a. Yes

Explanation: Unique Local Addresses are designed to be used in local networks larger than a single link, but not for communications through the Internet. However, these are designed to provide adequate uniqueness in order to have extremely small risk of address collision.

15. Which of the following is an example of vector sensor?

a. Pressure sensor

b. Strain sensor

c. Both pressure and strain sensors

d. Sound sensor

Correct Answer: d. Sound sensor

Explanation: Physical quantities such as sound, image, velocity, acceleration, orientation, etc. are all vector quantities, as only their magnitude is not sufficient to convey the complete information.

16. Which of the following areas are identified as IoT enablers?

a. RFID

b. Smart Networks

c. Nanotechnology

d. All of the above

Correct Answer: d. All of the above

17. Which of the following is a digital sensor?

a. KY-013

b. LX1972

c. DHT11

d. LM35D

Correct Answer: c. DHT11

18. Which of the following is considered as long range radio used in IoT?

a. Bluetooth

b. RFID

c. LoRa

d. None of them

Correct Answer: c. LoRa

19. Solenoid valve finds application in _____________________ equipment

a. Both hydraulic & electrical

b. Both electrical & pneumatic

c. Both electrical & mechanical

d. Both hydraulic & pneumatic

Correct Answer: d. Both hydraulic & pneumatic

20. Which of the following connects an IoT LAN with a WAN, and to the Internet?

a. IoT node

b. IoT proxy

c. IoT gateway

d. IoT Network

Correct Answer: c. IoT gateway

21. Which of the following is NOT a function of IoT Gateways?

a. Switching

b. Firewall & VPN services

c. Protocol conversion

d. None of the above

Correct Answer: d. None of the above

22. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of IoT?

a. Intermittent connectivity

b. Ambiguous naming & addressing

c. Scalable architecture

d. Abundance of sleeping nodes

Correct Answer: b. Ambiguous naming & addressing

23. Rack & pinion is an example of _____ actuator

a. Hydrodynamic

b. Electrical

c. Mechanical

d. None of these

Correct Answer: c. Mechanical

24. Which of the following is NOT true?

a. M2M is not a subset of IoT

b. IoT is a subset of CPS

c. IoT and M2M are same

d. All of the above

Correct Answer: d. All of the above

25. IoT gateway WAN address changes without change in LAN address” - Which of the following helps in achieving it?

a. Unique local address

b. Network Prefix Translation

c. Tunneling

d. None of the above

Correct Answer: a. Unique local address

26. If the output signal differs from the correct value by a constant, the sensor has an _______.

a. Sensitivity issue

b. offset error

c. drift issue

d. noise

Correct Answer: b. offset error

27. Which of the following is NOT a part of service layer in service-oriented architecture of IoT?

a. Service division

b. Contract

c. Business logic

d. Service repository

Correct Answer: b. Contract

28. Which of the following is the preferred method for dynamic allocation of addresses in an IPv6 network?

a. DHCP

b. SLAC

c. IETF

d. SLAAC/DHCPv6

Correct Answer: d. SLAAC/DHCPv6

29. A proxy-based approach is used to manage multiple IP addresses and map them to __________addresses.

a. source

b. unique

c. global

d. link local

Correct Answer: d. link local

30. Identify the component shown below.

a. Gas sensor

b. Tilt sensor

c. Light sensor

d. Speaker

Correct Answer: b. Tilt sensor

31. Which of the following is/are the characteristics of IoT?

a. Efficient, scalable and associated architecture.

b. Unambiguous naming and addressing.

c. Abundance of sleeping nodes, mobile and non-IP device.

d. All of the these

Correct Answer: d. All of the these

32. A ___________ allows us to use our smartphones to lock and unlock our door remotely at our homes or our businesses.

a. Smart Meter

b. ATM

c. Digital Lock

d. Web

Correct Answer: c. Digital Lock

33. The function/functions of an IoT Gateway is/are to?

a. Forward packets between LAN and WAN and on the IP layer

b. Connect IoT LAN to a WAN

c. Both (a) and (b)

d. None of these

Correct Answer: c. Both (a) and (b)

34. Multi-homing is the concept where a node can be connected to multiple networks for _________.

a. Reduced Reliability

b. Improved Reliability

c. None of these

d. Both (a) and (b)

Correct Answer: b. Improved Reliability

35. A Passive Infrared Ray (PIR) sensor is used for ____________?

a. Humidity Detection

b. Tilt Detection

c. Obstacle Detection

d. Smoke Detection

Correct Answer: c. Obstacle Detection

36. For which of the following Vectors Sensors are required to measure or sense them?

a. Color, Pressure, Temperature

b. Orientation, Image

c. None of these

d. Both (a) and (b)

Correct Answer: b. Orientation, Image

37. The sensitivity of a sensor under real conditions may differ from the value specified. This is called _____________?

a. Maximal Error

b. Minimal Error

c. Median Error

d. Sensitivity Error

Correct Answer: d. Sensitivity Error

38. A random deviation of the signal that varies in time is called ____________.

a. Noise

b. Sound

c. Bias

d. None of these

Correct Answer: a. Noise

39. A Relay Switch is an example of _____________.

a. A Sensor

b. An Actuator

c. A Transducer

d. None of These

Correct Answer: b. An Actuator

40. What is a Pneumatic Actuator?

a. It is a type of actuator driven by compressed air or vacuum

b. It is a type of actuator driven by fluid

c. It is a type of actuator driven by solid

d. None of these

Correct Answer: a. It is a type of actuator driven by compressed air or vacuum

41. Which type of actuators tend to be compact, lightweight, economical, and with high power density?

a. Thermal or Magnetic Actuators

b. Hydraulic Actuators

c. Both (a) and (b)

d. None of these

Correct Answer: a. Thermal or Magnetic Actuators

42. Polymer based actuators designed to handle fragile objects like fruit harvesting in agriculture or manipulating internal organs in biomedicine are called?

a. Pneumatic Actuators

b. Soft Actuators

c. Software Actuators

d. Hardware Actuators

Correct Answer: b. Soft Actuators

43. Full form of SMP is _______________________?

a. Soft Memory Polymer

b. Shape Memory Polymer

c. Software Memory Polymer

d. None of these

Correct Answer: b. Shape Memory Polymer

44. Duty Cycling of the sensors is managed by which component of IoT?

a. Application

b. Real-Time Kernel

c. Radios

d. Power Management Unit

Correct Answer: d. Power Management Unit

45. Which of the following are challenges of IoT

a. Security

b. Complexity Management

c. Modeling and Analysis

d. All of these

Correct Answer: d. All of these

The Loop of Life: A Religious and Scientific Perspective

The concept of the "Loop of Life" transcends traditional boundaries, encompassing both religious and scientific viewpoints. This dual perspective offers a deeper understanding of the human experience, the cyclical nature of existence, and the quest for purpose. In this exploration, we'll examine the Loop of Life from religious and scientific angles, revealing the shared insights and the unique perspectives each offers.

Religious Perspective: The Divine Order 

In various religious traditions, the Loop of Life is deeply ingrained in the belief systems and practices. Here's how it is understood from a religious viewpoint: 

1. Birth and Beginnings: In many faiths, birth is considered a sacred event, a gift from a higher power or divine source. It marks the start of a spiritual journey, a soul's entrance into the material world.
2. Growth and Learning: Life is seen as an opportunity for spiritual growth and self-improvement. Religious teachings often emphasize the importance of learning, compassion, and moral development.
3. Death and Endings: In many religions, death is not an end but a transition. It's a return to the divine source, a reunion with the Creator or a journey to the afterlife, depending on the particular faith.

Finding Purpose: From a religious perspective, the purpose in life is to fulfill one's spiritual duties, seek divine connection, and adhere to the moral and ethical principles laid out in the respective faith.

Scientific Perspective: The Circle of Nature

From a scientific standpoint, the Loop of Life is more about the natural order of things and the biological and ecological aspects of existence. Here's how it is understood:

1. Birth and Beginnings: In biology, birth is the commencement of an individual's life cycle. It is the moment when genetic information is passed on and continues the species.
2. Growth and Learning: Scientifically, growth and learning are inherent to survival and adaptation. Life forms evolve, adapt, and develop in response to their environment and changing circumstances.
3. Decline and Challenges: Challenges and decline are part of the natural selection process. The ability to overcome adversity is essential for the survival and propagation of a species.
4. Death and Endings: In ecology, death plays a crucial role in the balance of ecosystems. It recycles nutrients and sustains life by allowing new generations to emerge.

Finding Purpose: The scientific perspective sees purpose in the continued survival and evolution of species. Each individual, through its contribution to the gene pool, plays a role in the greater ecosystem.

Shared Insights: Harmony and Balance

Both religious and scientific perspectives share an appreciation for the harmonious and balanced aspects of the Loop of Life:

1. Interconnectedness: Both viewpoints recognize the interconnectedness of all living things, emphasizing the importance of the whole over the individual.
2. Growth and Adaptation: Whether through spiritual growth or biological adaptation, both views see life as a journey of transformation and progress.
3. Resilience: Challenges and declines are seen as opportunities for resilience and personal or species-wide growth, reinforcing the idea that struggle is a part of life's cycle.

The Loop of Life, whether viewed through a religious or scientific lens, offers profound insights into the nature of our existence. It reminds us of the interconnectedness of all living things, the importance of growth, adaptation, and resilience, and the deeper meaning we find in both spiritual and ecological contexts. By appreciating these shared insights, we can better understand our place in the world and find purpose in the ongoing cycle of life.